Comp. TIA Network N1. Cert Guide Network Components Foundation Topics. Many modern networks contain a daunting number of devices, and it is your job to understand the function of each device and how they work with one another. Remote Virtual Serial Port Concentrator Vmware' title='Remote Virtual Serial Port Concentrator Vmware' />This chapter from Comp. TIA Network N1. 0 0. Cert Guide covers characteristics of media types, infrastructure components, and specialized network devices. This chapter is from the book After completion of this chapter, you will be able to answer the following questions What are the characteristics of various media types What is the role of a given network infrastructure componentWhat features are provided by specialized network devices How are virtualization technologies impacting traditional corporate data center designs What are some of the primary protocols and hardware components found in a Voice over IP Vo. IP network Many modern networks contain a daunting number of devices, and it is your job to understand the function of each device and how they work with one another. To create a network, these devices obviously need some sort of interconnection. That interconnection uses one of a variety of media types. Therefore, this chapter begins by delving into the characteristics of media types, such as coaxial cable, twisted pair cable, fiber optic cable, and wireless technologies. Next, infrastructure components for example, hubs, bridges, switches, multilayer switches, and routers are identified, along with their purpose. Special attention is given to switches, because they make up a significant part of a local area networks LAN infrastructure. Finally, this chapter introduces you to a collection of specialized network devices. These include a virtual private network VPN concentrator, a firewall, a Domain Name System DNS server, a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server, a proxy server, a caching engine, and a content switch. KB/Media/0001039/00006.png' alt='Remote Virtual Serial Port Concentrator Vmware' title='Remote Virtual Serial Port Concentrator Vmware' />This guide demonstrates the use of an SEL transformer differential relay to protect a Scottconnected transformer. Www. circitor. fr MIB files repository. MIB files repository. MIB search Home. A10AXMIB A10COMMONMIB A100R1MIB. Learn about HP printers, laptops, desktops and more at the Official HP Website. Media. By definition, a network is an interconnection of devices. Those interconnections occur over some type of media. The media might be physical, such as a copper or fiber optic cable. Alternatively, the media might be the air, through which radio waves propagate as is the case with wireless networking technologies. This section contrasts various media types, including physical and wireless media. Although wireless technologies are introduced, be aware that wireless technologies are examined more thoroughly in Chapter 8, Wireless LANs. Coaxial Cable. Coaxial cable commonly referred to as coax is composed of two conductors. As illustrated in Figure 3 1, one of the conductors is an inner insulated conductor. This inner conductor is surrounded by another conductor. This second conductor is sometimes made of a metallic foil or woven wire. Because the inner conductor is shielded by the metallic outer conductor, coaxial cable is resistant to electromagnetic interference EMI. For example, EMI occurs when an external signal is received on a wire and might result in a corrupted data transmission. As another example, EMI occurs when a wire acts as an antenna and radiates electromagnetic waves, which might interfere with data transmission on another cable. Coaxial cables have an associated characteristic impedance that needs to be balanced with the device or terminator with which the cable connects. Three of the most common types of coaxial cables include the following RG 5. Typically used for short distance applications, such as carrying composite video between two nearby devices. This cable type has loss characteristics such that it is not appropriate for long distance applications. RG 5. 9 cable has a characteristic impedance of 7. Ohms. RG 6 Commonly used by local cable companies to connect individual homes to the cable companys distribution network. Like RG 5. 9 cable, RG 6 cable has a characteristic impedance of 7. Ohms. RG 5. 8 Has loss characteristics and distance limitations similar to those of RG 5. However, the characteristic impedance of RG 5. BASE2 Ethernet networks which are discussed in Chapter 4, Ethernet Technology. Although RG 5. 8 coaxial cable was commonplace in early computer networks in 1. BASE2 networks, coaxial cables role in modern computer networks is as the media used by cable modems. Cable modems are commonly installed in residences to provide high speed Internet access over the same connection used to receive multiple television stations. Common connectors used on coaxial cables are as follows BNC A Bayonet Neill Concelman BNC also referred to as British Naval Connector in some literature connector can be used for a variety of applications, including being used as a connector in a 1. BASE2 Ethernet network. A BNC coupler could be used to connect two coaxial cables together back to back. F connector An F connector is often used for cable TV including cable modem connections. Figure 3 2 shows what both of these connectors look like. Twisted Pair Cable. Todays most popular LAN media type is twisted pair cable, where individually insulated copper strands are intertwined into a twisted pair cable. Two categories of twisted pair cable include shielded twisted pair STP and unshielded twisted pair UTP. A UTP coupler could be used to connect two UTP cables, back to back. Also, for adherence to fire codes, you might need to select plenum cable versus nonplenum cable. To define industry standard pinouts and color coding for twisted pair cabling, the TIAEIA 5. The first iteration of the TIAEIA 5. TIAEIA 5. 68 A standard, which was released in 1. In 2. 00. 1, an updated standard was released, which became known as TIAEIA 5. B. Interestingly, the pinout of these two standards is the same. However, the color coding of the wiring is different. Shielded Twisted Pair. If wires in a cable are not twisted or shielded, that cable can act as an antenna, which might receive or transmit EMI. To help prevent this type of behavior, the wires which are individually insulated can be twisted together in pairs. If the distance between the twists is less than a quarter of the wavelength of an electromagnetic waveform, the twisted pair of wires will not radiate that wavelength or receive EMI from that wavelength in theory, if the wires were perfect conductors. However, as frequencies increase, wavelengths decrease. One option of supporting higher frequencies is to surround a twisted pair in a metallic shielding, similar to the outer conductor in a coaxial cable. This type of cable is referred to as a shielded twisted pair STP cable. User Defined Exception In Java Program. Figure 3 3 shows an example of STP cable. These outer conductors shield the copper strands from EMI however, the addition of the metallic shielding adds to the expense of STP. Unshielded Twisted Pair. Another way to block EMI from the copper strands making up a twisted pair cable is to twist the strands more tightly that is, more twists per centimeters cm. By wrapping these strands around each other, the wires insulate each other from EMI. Figure 3 4 illustrates an example of UTP cable. Because UTP is less expensive than STP, it has grown in popularity since the mid 1. LANs. UTP cable types vary in their data carrying capacity. Common categories of UTP cabling include the following Category 3 Category 3 Cat 3 cable was used in older Ethernet 1. BASE T networks, which carried data at a rate of 1. Mbps where Mbps stands for megabits per second, meaning millions of bits per second. However, Cat 3 cable can carry data at a maximum rate of 1.